The Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism has officially declared the Granicus Battlefield—where Alexander the Great secured his first major victory against the Persian Empire—a “protected historical and archaeological site.”

According to a ministry announcement and statements shared on social media by Culture and Tourism Minister Mehmet Nuri Ersoy, the decision was based on recent archaeological discoveries and scientific studies in the Biga district of Çanakkale (Dardanelles).

Following extensive field surveys, scientific data evaluation, and the analysis of ancient sources linked to the Battle of the Granicus, the Çanakkale Regional Council for the Conservation of Cultural Property determined that the area meets all criteria for designation as an archaeological site.

The ministry highlighted the location as one of the most iconic landmarks in military history, marking the definitive starting point of Alexander the Great’s triumph over the Persian Empire.

Battle of the Granicus: “A Turning Point in World History”

In a social media post, Minister Mehmet Nuri Ersoy stated:

“We have officially placed the grounds of a battle that reshaped world history under state protection. The Granicus Battlefield, where Alexander the Great achieved his first major victory against the Persians and paved his way into Asia, has now been designated a ‘historical site.’ Located in Biga, Çanakkale, this unique landmark is officially protected in light of archaeological finds and rigorous scientific research. We believe this crucial step will significantly contribute to historical scholarship, boost cultural tourism, and enrich our country’s cultural routes.”

The Battle of Granicus

The Battle of the Granicus, fought in May 334 BC near modern-day Biga in northwestern Turkey, was Alexander the Great’s dramatic opening salvo against the Persian Empire. Having recently crossed the Hellespont into Asia Minor with roughly 32,000 infantry and 5,100 cavalry, the 21-year-old Macedonian king confronted a combined force of local Persian satraps (governors) and highly capable Greek mercenaries.

The Persians, positioned defensively along the steep, muddy eastern banks of the Granicus River, hoped to neutralize Alexander’s aggressive tactical style by forcing him to fight from a disadvantageous position in the water. Rejecting the cautious advice of his veteran general Parmenion to delay the attack, Alexander ordered an immediate, highly risky amphibious assault in broad daylight.

The engagement quickly devolved into a chaotic, brutal melee within the riverbed and up the muddy slopes. Alexander personally led the elite Companion Cavalry from the right wing, instantly becoming a prime target due to his conspicuous, brightly plumed helmet.

The fighting was so fierce that Alexander was nearly killed; a Persian noble shattered his helmet with a battleaxe, and just as another was about to deliver a fatal blow, his captain Cleitus the Black severed the attacker’s arm, saving the young king’s life.

Once the formidable Macedonian phalanx (infantry formation) crossed the river to support the cavalry, the Persian battle lines shattered. The victory was absolute: the Persian leadership was decimated, the surviving Greek mercenaries were ruthlessly executed or enslaved, and the psychological myth of Persian invincibility was shattered, effectively throwing open the gates of Asia Minor to Alexander’s conquering army.

Related: Archaeologists Identify Location of Alexander the Great’s Battle of Granicus

The Minoan Road, over 3,500 years old, is the oldest known paved road in Europe. It connected the prominent Minoan cities of Knossos, Gortyn, and Lebena on ancient Crete.

Only small sections of the road remain intact today, but this impressive ancient route ran approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) across Crete.

Built during the height of the Minoan civilization, around 1600 BC, the road showcases the advanced engineering skills of the Minoans, who created an infrastructure that supported both daily life and economic activity across Crete.

The road included side drains to handle water runoff, a feature that helped preserve its structure by preventing water damage. Its condition is remarkable for an ancient road.

It was constructed with a solid, 200 mm (8-inch) thick layer of sandstone blocks bound with a clay-gypsum mortar. This sturdy base layer was then topped with basaltic flagstones, providing a durable surface.

The road included defined shoulders, which may have functioned as pedestrian pathways or for animal traffic, keeping it orderly and safe for movement.

Mythical King Minos used the road to talk to Zeus

According to legend, King Minos, the mythical king of Crete, son of Zeus and Europa, set out on this road (then a mere pathway) from Knossos, covering a large part of the way to the sacred cave, to meet his father Zeus and speak with him in person. There, he would learn about the mistakes that had been made and receive oracles concerning the best legislation for the future.

He started from Knossos and ended in the stalagmite cave of Dikteon Andron, located on Mount Dikte of the Ida or Ideon mountains of Crete (the current mountain of Psiloritis).

Minoan Road a crucial link in the Minoan civilization

The Minoan Road was a crucial link in the Minoan civilization’s network, facilitating trade, communication, and cultural exchange across Crete. Knossos, one of its endpoints, was the center of Minoan political and cultural life, while Gortyn and Lebena were significant in both Minoan and later Greek periods.

This road not only attests to the Minoans’ ingenuity but also underscores the role of Crete as a cultural and commercial bridge between the civilizations of the ancient Mediterranean.

The Minoan civilization’s infrastructure, especially roads like this, laid the groundwork for the development of European trade routes and road-building techniques in the centuries that followed.

Throughout most of the Bronze Age, the Minoans were the rulers of Crete. Over the course of their civilization, they gradually built up an incredible palace complex at Knossos. This was the most powerful city on the island.

The palace complex at Knossos served temple functions and was also an administrative center.

The Bodossaki Foundation announced the two distinguished Greek scientists honored with the Bodossaki Excellence Award 2026 for their pioneering, internationally recognized life’s work: preeminent theoretical computer scientist Christos Papadimitriou and internationally renowned economist Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg.

The Bodossaki Excellence Award is awarded biennially to Greeks who have dedicated their lives to science. It is accompanied by a cash prize of €100,000 (around $115,500).

In the field of Technological Sciences: The award is presented to Christos Papadimitriou, Donovan Family Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University, USA.

In the field of Social Sciences: The award is presented to Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg, William Nordhaus Professor of Economics and Global Affairs at Yale University, USA.

The awards will be presented by the President of the Hellenic Republic, Mr. Konstantinos An. Tasoulas, at an official ceremony to be held on Thursday, 25 June 2026, at Megaron the Athens Concert Hall.

“The objective of the Bodossaki Excellence Award is twofold: to serve as our country’s most elevated scientific recognition for Greek scientists who have expanded the frontiers of knowledge, and to showcase crucial role models for the generations to come,” notes Athina Dessypri, President of the Board of Trustees of the Bodossaki Foundation.

“It is with great pleasure that we welcome Ms. Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg and Mr. Christos Papadimitriou into the prestigious circle of the institution’s laureates.”

About the Bodossaki Foundation laureates’ scientific contributions

Christos Papadimitriou: The Limits of Computation

Christos Papadimitriou has had a decisive influence on theoretical computer science, shaping the language and tools on which modern algorithmic design is based.

Foundations of Complexity: His early research laid the mathematical foundations of computational complexity theory—the study of what computers can and cannot solve efficiently. He pioneered the study of approximation algorithms and computationally intractable problems, such as finding equilibrium points in games.

Interdisciplinary Pioneer: Over the last three decades, he has used computational theory as an interpretive tool for other sciences. He is a founder of algorithmic game theory (crucial to our understanding of the Internet) and has since expanded his research into biology, evolutionary theory, the human brain, and artificial intelligence.

Public Engagement: Beyond academia, he has popularized modern computational theory among students and the broader public through both foundational textbooks and acclaimed novels.

Academic Background: A graduate of the National Technical University of Athens and Princeton, he has taught at Harvard, MIT, Stanford, UCSD, UC Berkeley, and Columbia University. He is a full member of the Academy of Athens, the US National Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Engineering.

Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg: Empirical Analysis of Global Trade and Development

Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg is a leading researcher in the empirical analysis of global trade policy, focusing on international trade, inequality, and development.

Measuring Globalization: By combining microeconomic data with structural economic models, she has produced critical estimates regarding the impact of globalization on social well-being and the unequal distribution of its benefits both between and within countries.

Nuanced Trade Impacts: Her work has demonstrated that the effects of trade liberalization are not uniform; rather, they depend on market structures, competition, institutional conditions, and domestic policies.

Global Leadership: As Chief Economist of the World Bank (2018–2020), she enhanced research transparency and promoted evidence-based policy design. She has also served as Editor-in-Chief of the American Economic Review and President of the Econometric Society.

Current Focus: Her recent work analyzes shifts in globalization—including the US-China trade war and the resurgence of industrial policy—as well as the role of gender-based distortions in restricting economic growth.

Academic Background: She studied at the University of Freiburg and completed her Ph.D. at Stanford. She has held tenured professorships at Princeton, Columbia, and Yale. She is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and an International Fellow of the British Academy.

Related: 10 Foundations Join Forces to Help Start-Ups, Non-Profits in Greece

The Alpha Omega Council of Boston hosted recently its 7th annual Greek Heritage Night at Fenway Park, welcoming an estimated 5,000 Greek-Americans to the stadium to watch the Boston Red Sox take on the Atlanta Braves.

The annual event serves as a major fundraiser for the Alpha Omega Council, a Greek-American organization dedicated to cultivating the ideals of Hellenism, philanthropy, and fellowship. This year’s celebration paid tribute to the memory of baseball legend Harry Agganis, nicknamed “The Golden Greek,” and raised vital funds for the Metropolis of Boston Camp (MBC). Net proceeds from a sold-out block of 2,400 tickets will directly benefit the MBC Gym Field House Project, currently underway at the St. Methodios Faith & Heritage Center in Contoocook, New Hampshire.

A Celebration of Culture on Jersey Street

Greek Heritage Night transformed Fenway Park into a vibrant celebration of culture. Prior to first pitch, a Heritage Pregame Ceremony on Jersey Street featured traditional performances from local Greek dance groups, including the Metropolis of Boston Dance Group, the Boston Lykeion Ellinidon, the Sons & Daughters of Alexander the Great, and the Annunciation Church of Brockton Dance Group.

The festive evening officially kicked off with a stunning rendition of the National Anthem by Dessa Kavrakis, a Grammy Award-winning Greek-American musician and undergraduate student at Harvard University and Berklee College of Music. The ceremonial first pitch was thrown by MBC Program Director Louis Stamoulis, followed by an on-field ceremony recognizing a distinguished group of community leaders and athletes.

“Greek Heritage Night with the Boston Red Sox has become a wonderful tradition for the Alpha Omega Council to promote Hellenism and unite thousands of Greek-Americans from across New England,” said Chairperson Christos Chrisafides. “We are blessed to use this platform to raise both awareness and funds for causes that deeply impact our community. It has been an honor to serve as Chairperson, building on the foundation laid by pioneers like Bill Galatis and the Boston AHEPA. Of course, none of this would be possible without the incredible cooperation of the Boston Red Sox organization.”

Council President Paul Tsitsopoulos added, “We are thrilled to dedicate this year’s proceeds to the new Field House and Gym Project at the Metropolis of Boston Camp. The camp is a sacred space where generations of Greek-American youth have built lifelong friendships while strengthening their roots. This new facility will expand the camp’s capabilities, allowing it to serve even more youth, especially during the winter months.”

Commemorating community heroes

During the game’s “Hats Off to Heroes” segment, Cretan-native and HELPIS founder and president Joyce Deliyiannis received special recognition. The Color Guard—featuring MBC dance group members Alexander Athanasiou, Christopher Chronopoulos, Evan Meltsakos, Nickolas Potamitis, Harry Theodore, and Paul Tsiomplikas—proudly presented the Greek, American, Massachusetts State, and Alpha Omega Council flags.

Distinguished guests in attendance included His Eminence Metropolitan Methodios of Boston, who is celebrating 40 years of spiritual leadership in New England and is the visionary behind the Faith and Heritage Center, alongside Chancellor Father Ted Barbas.

The successful event was orchestrated by the Greek Heritage Night planning committee, led by Chairperson Christos Chrisafides and Co-Chair John Mokas, alongside committee members Paul Tsitsopoulos, Costa Sideridis, Nick Rizos, John Pappas, Teddy Demitriades, George Karalis, Kosta Alexis, and Tom Gatzunis.

The Red Sox game capped off a trilogy of major 2024 sports fundraisers for the Council, following highly successful heritage nights with the Boston Celtics on March 20 and the New England Revolution on March 23.

The Alpha Omega Council

The Alpha Omega Council is a non-profit philanthropic organization based in Boston, Massachusetts. Its mission is to promote patriotism and cultivate the ideals of Hellenism by supporting scholarly, athletic, medical, charitable, scientific, literary, religious, and educational activities throughout New England and the United States.

Comprised of professionals across business, academia, medicine, law, and science, the Council has contributed over $2,000,000 to various philanthropic causes since its inception, in addition to its annual Peter Agris Memorial Journalism Scholarship Awards.

Related: Alpha Omega Council Hosts Record-Breaking 2025 Honors Gala

On the remote island of Kastellorizo, the Near & Far Festival, the world’s only cultural event dedicated entirely to the Greek diaspora, returns for its second edition from June 25 to 28, 2026, transforming this historic island into a vibrant crossroads of cultures, people, and experiences.

Spanning four days, this multi-themed festival bridges the “Near” and the “Far,” connecting Greece with its global diaspora, the local community with international audiences, and art with society. The festival is the brainchild of Pericles Kanaris, a New York-based artist with an acclaimed international career. Driven by his vision to create a platform for Greek artists excelling worldwide, Kanaris has turned this ambitious concept into a reality.

Following its spectacular 2025 debut, which local authorities recorded as the highest-attended cultural event in Kastellorizo’s history, the festival returns even stronger, boasting a distinct identity and an expanded program.

Last year’s inaugural event was defined by the exceptional caliber of its performers, the blending of diverse musical traditions, and, most movingly, the active participation of the island’s children—a beautiful legacy that continues this year. Furthermore, a global radio broadcast via ERT’s “Voice of Greece” shattered geographical boundaries, amplifying the festival’s international reach.

In 2026, Near & Far is aiming even higher. This year, the festival aspires to livestream the entire Kastellorizo experience via real-time video to global audiences, forging new bonds with the Greek diaspora and international communities. The event proudly continues its collaboration with the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad and Public Diplomacy).

Concert Program: 4 Themed Nights

Thursday, June 25 | 21:00 Bridges — ERINI “Fos: An Asia Minor Story”

ERINI, based in the United States with roots from Crete and Asia Minor, presents a musical journey blending traditions and contemporary influences, in collaboration with musicians from Greece.

Friday, June 26 | 21:00 Far Voices — Mario’s Toumbas Jazz Trio “East of the Sun”

Pianist Mario Toumbas and his trio present original compositions and jazz standards in an evening that resonates with the global sound of jazz.

Saturday, June 27 | 21:00 Together — Pericles Kanaris Quartet featuring Andriana Babali, George Karavelatzis & Kastellorizo Kids

Original compositions and arrangements by Pericles Kanaris in a special collaboration with the island’s children. Joining them are beloved singer Andriana Babali and oud player George Karavelatzis, a specialist in the local musical tradition of Kastellorizo.

Sunday, June 28 | 21:00 Near Roots — Costa Latsos “Pappou’s Grammophone”

Tenor Costa Latso, born in Australia to Kastellorizian parents and based in Berlin, presents a program moving between opera, Broadway, and crossover, accompanied by accordionist Thanos Stavridis.

Workshops, activities & parallel Program of the Kastellorizo festival

The Near & Far 2026 festival expands beyond concerts, incorporating educational, experiential, and participatory activities for all ages.

Educational & Creative Workshops (Children)

Visual arts workshop with Heike Kummer (June 25, 11:00–13:00)

Music workshop with Mario Toumbas (June 26, 13:30–15:00)

Wellness & Experiential Activities

Meditation and sound healing sessions for adults (June 27 & 28, 11:00–13:00)

Lecture

Talk by Alexandros Kitroeff on the Greek Diaspora (June 27, 20:00–21:00)

A festival that connects

Near & Far is more than just a festival. It is an open platform for connection, where art becomes a catalyst for bringing people, places, and generations together. A space where Kastellorizo is not on the edge, but at the center of a global cultural dialogue.

With the participation of artists from Greece and the diaspora, and with the active involvement of the local community, Near & Far continues to build a new cultural tradition—vibrant, participatory, and outward-looking.

Armed with metal detectors, treasure hunters roam the landscapes of Greece, where myth and history intertwine. Drawn by whispered legends, ancient texts and the promise of lost riches they delve into the mountains, islands, and forgotten ruins in pursuit of gold, relics and long-lost artifacts.

Treasure hunters are often drawn to locations of great historical significance, with the rugged mountainous regions of Greece being among their preferred destinations. These landscapes, steeped in history and mystery, have long served as silent witnesses to war, upheaval, and human resilience.

Treasure hunters in Greece target mountainous areas

During World War II and the subsequent Greek Civil War (1946–1949), many villagers, fearing for their lives and possessions, resorted to hiding their valuables in secret caches. With no access to banks or secure storage facilities in these remote areas, people buried gold coins, jewelry, and family heirlooms deep within the earth or concealed them inside natural enclosures such as caves, stone walls, and hollowed-out tree trunks.

However, the brutal conflicts claimed countless lives and many of those who had hidden their treasures never survived to retrieve them. Over the decades, these hidden fortunes have become the stuff of local folklore, fueling speculation and inspiring generations of treasure hunters to embark on daring quests to uncover the lost wealth of the past.

Even today, rumors persist of forgotten hoards waiting to be discovered, buried beneath the very ground where history was once shaped by war and survival.

Antonis Vlachos stands out among treasure hunters. Not only does he own one of the few specialized shops in Greece that sell sophisticated metal detectors, but he also collaborates closely with the police to prevent illegal activities, such as the unauthorized excavation of ancient artifacts. For him, treasure hunting is more than just a business—it’s a passion, a lifelong hobby that combines adventure with a deep respect for history and the law.

He is also the only one of the treasure hunters who was willing to speak to Greek Reporter.

“Treasure hunters are in their thousands all over Greece. Perhaps most of the activity takes place the Peloponnese, Epirus, and Northern Greece,” he says.

“People have made money out of this activity and understandably they keep a low profile. It’s like winning the lotto. Nobody wants to reveal their identity and the value of the treasure they found.”

The legend of the Ali Pasha treasure

For decades treasure hunters searched for the so-called riches supposedly left behind by Ali Pasha, an Ottoman ruler of Ioannina known for his atrocities (1740–1822).

According to local folklore, Ali Pasha, anticipating his eventual fall from power, concealed vast amounts of treasure in various secret locations across Epirus, Thessaly and western Greece. His personal wealth came from heavy taxation, trade, extortion and alliances with foreign powers (including the British and the French).

Treasure hunters from all over the world began searching for his fortune to no avail. The first organized operation to find the treasure took place in 1913, with the liberation of Ioannina, by an Italian company. For five whole years its workers excavated the surrounding areas without result.

The latest highly publicized case was that of a Greek-Australian treasure hunter, Vangelis Dimas, who financed an excavation to locate the hoard in 2012 in Thessaly.

“It remains a topic of speculation among people, as historically, there is no concrete evidence that such a treasure ever existed,” Vlachos notes.

“Some believe that one of Ali Pasha’s sons took the wealth and fled, but the details of what truly happened—and how—remain unknown. Over time, numerous legends and myths have emerged, though only a small portion of them may be based on actual events,” he adds.

The legend of Ali Pasha is just one of many—“in every coffee shop in the country there is talk of a lost treasure that is supposedly somewhere nearby.”

Maps supposedly showing lost treasures in Greece

Vlachos is not prepared to divulge the value of the treasures that have been unearthed in Greece over the recent decades, but he insists that many people make a good living out of their endeavors. Some people—he says—go to the beaches at night and use metal detectors to search for jewelry lost by bathers in the previous days or even months.

He reveals that maps of supposed buried treasures are circulating among treasure hunters. They are made in a way that makes them look old, to give the impression that they are authentic. “Various crafty people make them and sell them to naive people, from 1,000 euros. I have even heard a price of 15,000 euros.”

Vlachos also says that most gold hunters operate within a legal framework and that illegals are a minority.

To proceed with an excavation, one must have three permits. A permit to possess a metal detector, then they must obtain a research permit, issued by the Ministry of Culture and the local Antiquities Ephorates. For the permit to be issued, a process that can take from three months to a year, the proposed search area must not be located within a designated archeological site.

If any findings emerge during the search, an excavation request is submitted to the appropriate authorities.

Turkey denied that its jets harassed the military aircraft carrying Greek National Defense Minister Nikos Dendias and his French and Dutch counterparts to Cyprus.

Earlier, it was reported that the “control tower” of the illegal Tymbou Airport in occupied Cyprus attempted to jam the aircrafts’ communications system. Furthermore, according to Philenews, two Turkish F-16 fighter jets scrambled from Tymbou, tracking the official state aircraft of the European ministers from a distance as they headed toward Cyprus.

A statement from the Turkish Presidency said that “claims in certain news media and social media accounts” about such harassment on Sunday and about Turkish warplanes violating Greek airspace were “completely false.”

The statement said that four of the six aircraft heading from Greece to Cyprus “breached the airspace” of Turkish-occupied northern Cyprus, and as a result two Turkish F-16 fighters took off from the ethnically divided island’s north “as a precaution.”

It said the F-16s did not enter Cypriot airspace and “there was no harassment” of the four aircraft.

The incident took place just hours before France and Cyprus were set to sign a Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) on Monday, which will allow Paris to station military forces on the island.

France and Cyprus to sign military deployment agreement

The agreement will be signed in Nicosia by French Defense Minister Catherine Vautrin and her Cypriot counterpart, Vassilis Palmas. Both ministers are scheduled to attend an informal meeting of the EU Foreign Affairs Council (Defense) on the same day.

The Turkish Cypriot side condemned the agreement as “null, void, and legally invalid.” They expressed concerns that the deal could alter the balance of power on the island, disregard Turkish Cypriot rights, and escalate regional tensions. They further argued that the Republic of Cyprus lacks the authority to sign such an agreement on behalf of the entire island.

Related: Turkey Deploys Six F-16s to Occupied Northern Cyprus

The Messolonghi-Aitolikos Lagoons National Park in Western Greece is a testament to the enduring legacy of traditional fishing, a practice deeply intertwined with the ingenuity of local communities and the sustainable management of natural resources.

This ancestral knowledge, vital to the region’s cultural identity, is now being meticulously recorded and preserved for future generations. For centuries, fishing here has been more than just a profession; it’s an art form with roots stretching back to medieval-Byzantine times and Venetian rule. Through collaborative efforts with local communities, this crucial element of the region’s heritage is being safeguarded.

Part of the history and life of our country

“The traditional fishing of the Messolonghi Lagoon is part of the history and life of our country. It is connected to the collective cultural consciousness of the inhabitants of the region and travels through the depths of time,” said Spilios Livanos, the former Minister of Rural Development and Food.

The lagoon itself is a vibrant ecosystem, a living organism teeming with rich flora and fauna. This biodiversity, which boasts 290 bird species and over 100 plant species, underpins the traditional fishing practices and exemplifies the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature. The rich natural environment is a cornerstone of professional activity, sustainable development, and the preservation of the traditional way of fishing.

Central to the unique fishing culture of the Messolonghi-Aitolikos lagoons are the distinctive methods and tools employed. The divaria, permanent fishing traps that double as natural fish farms, are a prime example. Across the lagoon complex, there are fourteen such facilities, eight of which are traditional and strategically located where the lagoon meets the sea.

Remarkably, the placement of these traditional divaria has remained unchanged since 1826, a testament to their enduring effectiveness and the deep-rooted knowledge of the local fishermen. These wetlands are highly productive habitats, attracting a vast array of aquatic organisms that are commercially exploited by the more than seven hundred active fishermen in the lagoon today.

Beyond the stationary divaria, other key elements of this traditional know-how include the Pelades, the iconic reed houses built on stilts above the water, which serve as both homes and operational bases for fishermen. The gaites, unique flat-bottomed wooden boats, are essential for navigating the shallow waters of the lagoon and are built using specific types of wood, reflecting a deep understanding of local resources.

Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) is the most famous fish species caught in these waters. This species is particularly important, as its roe is used to produce the famous Avgotaracho of Messolonghi, a protected designation of origin (PDO) delicacy.

Preserving traditional fishing in Greece’s lagoons

Despite the demanding conditions, generations of fishermen continue this tradition, making it an integral part of their historical and cultural heritage. This resilience was even a crucial factor in the survival of the people of Messolonghi during the city’s historic siege.

The rich tapestry of traditional fishing knowledge encompasses a wide range of skills: from constructing buildings and utilitarian objects to identifying suitable wood for boat building and crafting fishing tools like longlines, harpoons, and stafnokari (a type of net). These permanent installations (divaria) and mobile means (boats, gaites), along with the tools, collectively form a cultural heritage that continues to sustain the inhabitants of the region.

In 2022, the traditional fishing practices of the Messolonghi-Aitolikos Lagoons were included in the National Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Greece.

Related: Treasure From the Sea: The Salt Flats of Messolonghi

Ancient Greek scientist Erasistratus (300-250 B.C.) is credited with being among the first human lie detectors. He devised a specific technique to read a person’s physical response so as to spot when an individual was lying.

While in Alexandria, Egypt, he is said to have proven Prince Antiochus was desperately in love with his father’s new wife, Stratonice. He noted how his pulse increased significantly whenever the queen’s name was mentioned, despite his insistence that he did not have the hots for his stepmother.

Love-struck, he fell ill with passion and chose to pine away in silence. The physicians were unable to discover the cause and nature of his disease.

Erasistratus himself was at a loss at first, until, finding nothing amiss about his body, he began to suspect that it must be the man’s mind that was diseased and that he might perhaps be in love.

Erasistratus confirmed his conjecture when he observed that the skin of Antiochus grew hotter, his color deeper, and his pulse quicker whenever Stratonice came near him, while none of these symptoms occurred on any other occasion.

The Greek physician eventually told the father, King Seleucus, that his son’s disease was incurable, for he was in love with the monarch’s wife and that he chose to die rather than to disclose his secret.

According to the anecdote, Seleucus not only gave up Stratonice, but also resigned to his son several provinces of his empire.

Erasistratus founded school of anatomy in Alexandria

Erasistratus, along with fellow physician Herophilus, founded a school of anatomy in Alexandria where they carried out anatomical research.

He is credited for his description of the valves of the heart. He also concluded that the heart was not the center of sensations. Instead, he said, it functioned as a pump. He was among the first to distinguish between veins and arteries, believing that arteries were full of air and carried the “animal spirit” (pneuma).

Together with Herophilus, he is credited by historians as the potential founder of neuroscience due to his acknowledgment of nerves and their roles in motor control through the brain and skeletal muscles.

Furthermore, Erasistratus is seen as one of the first physicians/scientists to conduct recorded dissections and potential vivisections alongside Herophilus.

The two physicians were said by several Roman authors, notably, Augustine, Celsus, and Tertullian, to have performed controversial vivisections on criminals to study the anatomy and possible physiology of human organs while they were in Alexandria.

Related: Ancient Library of Alexandria One of Greatest Treasures of Mankind

The environmental organization iSea, in collaboration with the Hellenic Ornithological Society and the Municipality of Lemnos, has launched an ambitious project to restore the Eastern Mediterranean’s largest marine meadow—a 140-square-kilometer Posidonia sanctuary off the coast of Lemnos, widely known as the region’s “Amazon.”

This massive underwater ecosystem serves as a vital carbon sink, holding over 270,000 tons of stored carbon dioxide and effectively absorbing the annual emissions produced by the vehicles of an entire small city.

To mark World Environment Day 2026, the project partners are celebrating the completion of the initiative’s pilot phase under the “Reviving Lemnos” program, which successfully transplanted more than 250 posidonia shoots.

A Vital Marine Ecosystem

Posidonia oceanica is not an algae, but a flowering marine plant (seagrass) that forms dense underwater meadows. These meadows act as a crucial sanctuary for an abundance of marine life. While most people recognize it from the long, brown “seaweed” leaves that wash ashore, its true value lies beneath the surface.

The Lemnos marine meadow thrives at depths of up to 30 meters and stretches over 20 kilometers long, extending beyond the boundaries of the Natura 2000 Protected Area and into international waters. According to data from iSea, this single ecosystem hosts more than 66 species of marine organisms.

Looking Ahead: The “Reviving Lemnos” Project

During this pilot phase, the transplanted shoots have been secured inside protective metal cages to shield them until they mature, and they will remain under close scientific monitoring.

This initial phase sets the foundation for a much larger effort: restoring more than 10,000 posidonia rhizomes across a 400-square-meter area over the coming years.

“The knowledge gained from monitoring this pilot application will provide a valuable roadmap for completing our restoration actions and ensuring the long-term success of ecosystem conservation in Lemnos,” said Nikoletta Sidiropoulou, Project Manager at iSea.

The “Reviving Lemnos” project is one of seven large-scale initiatives funded by the international Endangered Landscapes & Seascapes Programme.

Related: Posidonia Seagrass Meadows in Greece Reveal their Secrets

In ancient Greece, the experiences of women varied dramatically from Athens to Sparta. While the prevailing image often portrays women as largely “invisible” in public life, a closer examination reveals a striking contrast between the lives of Athenian and Spartan women.

As archaeologist Evi Pini emphasized in speaking recently to the Athens-Macedonia News Agency (AMNA), it is crucial to avoid broad generalizations about women in ancient Greece, given the vast differences across regions and centuries.

Pini’s research, which focuses on the classical period in Athens and Sparta, illuminates how these two prominent societies treated women in fundamentally distinct ways, revealing that invisibility was far from a universal reality.

Women in ancient Athens: The “invisibles of history”

For the most part, Athenian society aimed for women to be unseen and unheard. The ideal Athenian woman was confined to the home, managing the household and raising legitimate children. Their public presence was minimal, and their lives were largely dictated by their male relatives.

As Pini notes, there were specific primary obstacles women in ancient Athens confronted, as indicated below.

Limited legal rights

Athenian women had no legal right to inherit property directly. Their dowry, while providing some security in case of divorce, remained largely under the control of their husband or father.

If a woman was the sole heir to her father’s property (an epikleros kore), she was legally obligated to marry her closest male relative, even if it meant divorcing her current husband. This highlights a system in which women were often pawns in the preservation of family property and lineage.

Marriage and love

Conventional wisdom, often derived from ancient male writers, suggests that Athenian marriages were devoid of emotional connection, serving primarily the purpose of procreation. Love was supposedly reserved for concubines and courtesans.

However, Pini challenges this stereotype, pointing out the economic impracticality for most men in maintaining multiple partners and citing funerary monuments as evidence of genuine affection between spouses.

High mortality in childbirth

Childbirth posed a significant danger for women, contributing to high female mortality rates. This was a grim reality for women across ancient societies, including Athens.

Sole area of distinction

The primary public role for Athenian women was in priesthood. Their participation in religious ceremonies and rituals was crucial. Beyond this, opportunities for distinction were virtually nonexistent.

Women in ancient Athens and Sparta: A striking contrast

According to Greek archaeologists, in stark contrast to Athens, Spartan society granted women a much more prominent and respected position.

While not entirely equal to men, their social status, legal rights, and public recognition were remarkably progressive for the time.

High social status and public honor

Spartan women, especially mothers, held high social standing and were not shy about expressing their opinions publicly. They were even honored with public praise, a stark difference from the Athenian ideal of female silence.

Numerous “Lakaean aphorisms” attributed to Spartan women attest to their wit and influence.

Economic power and inheritance

Spartan women possessed significant economic power. Unlike their Athenian counterparts, they could inherit property from their parents and manage it independently. Due to high male mortality in warfare, Spartan women controlled approximately two-fifths of the land by the 4th century BC.

This economic independence was so unusual that other Greeks, including Aristotle, reportedly viewed Spartans as “womanizers” because of it, misinterpreting their women’s power.

Physical education and health

Spartans prioritized the physical training of girls from a young age, believing that strong bodies would lead to healthier offspring who could better cope with the rigors of childbirth.

They also married their daughters off at an older age (18-20) than Athenians (15-16), considering physical maturity beneficial for motherhood.

Absence of dowry and adultery laws

Spartan law prohibited dowries, ensuring that even less fortunate girls could marry. Furthermore, the concept of adultery as a punishable offense largely didn’t exist in the same way as in Athens.

Consensual extramarital relations, often for the purpose of procreation and to ensure strong offspring for the state, were acceptable and not kept secret. While secret affairs might have occurred, they didn’t lead to the severe penalties and social ostracism faced by Athenian women caught committing adultery.

“Secret” weddings

Spartan weddings involved a ritualistic “secret abduction” of the bride, a haircut, and disguise.

While Plutarch offered a practical, though likely inaccurate, explanation for these “secret” marriages (testing for offspring), Pini suggests they were more likely ancient customs signifying a transition from one state to another, a young woman “disappearing” to reappear as a married woman with a new identity.

Distinction in arts and philosophy

Beyond their domestic roles, Spartan women, alongside women from other Dorian and Aeolian cities and colonies, could achieve distinction as poets and philosophers.

Stereotypes about women in ancient Athens and Sparta to break down

Evi Pini’s insights reveal several crucial stereotypes pertaining to women in Greek antiquity that need to be challenged, as indicated below.

The monolithic “ancient Greek woman”

It’s a significant oversimplification to generalize about “women in antiquity.” The vast differences between Athenian and Spartan societies, among others, demonstrate the diverse realities of women’s lives across different regions and periods. The notion of a single, universal experience for women in ancient Greece is inaccurate.

Absence of marital love

The stereotype that emotional bonds were absent in Athenian marriages, with love reserved for concubines and courtesans, is largely unfounded. Economic realities for most Athenians would have made supporting multiple partners impossible.

Furthermore, evidence from funerary monuments suggests genuine affection and grief existed between spouses.

Universal invisibility

While Athenian women were indeed largely “invisible” in public life, Spartan women were far from it.

Their economic power, social standing, and public voice demonstrate that invisibility was not a universal experience for women in all Greek societies.

Adultery as a universal sin

The draconian Athenian laws surrounding adultery, including the husband’s right to kill the adulterer, are often projected onto all of Greek antiquity.

Sparta’s approach, where consensual extramarital relations for procreation were accepted and “adultery” as a concept barely existed, shows a dramatically different cultural norm.

By examining the nuances of different Greek city-states, particularly the contrasting experiences of Athenian and Spartan women, we gain a much richer and more accurate understanding of women’s roles, rights, and visibility in Greek antiquity, dismantling simplistic and often misleading generalizations.

(With information from AMNA)

Related: What Did Everyday Life in Ancient Athens Really Look Like?

Greece is marking World Environment Day 2026 with a nationwide program of events that brings the global call for climate action down to the local level—from protected areas and wetlands to city galleries, museums, and island beaches.

Observed every year on June 5, World Environment Day is the United Nations’ main global platform for raising awareness and mobilizing action to protect the natural world. First celebrated in 1973, the day has grown into an international campaign involving governments, organizations, schools, communities and citizens around the world.

In Greece, the Natural Environment and Climate Change Agency, NECCA, is at the center of the program, organizing 65 events across the country. Activities include guided nature walks, biodiversity recording, wildlife observation, educational games, workshops, public information events and volunteer cleanups, many of them in or near protected areas.

Greece’s government highlights achievements on World Environment Day

Greece’s Minister of Environment and Energy, Stavros Papastavrou, highlighted some of the government’s environmental policies and key achievements over the past seven years.

• Expanded Marine Protection: Moving forward from commitments made at global ocean conferences (2024 in Athens and 2025 at the UN), Greece is establishing two new large National Marine Parks in the Ionian and South Aegean seas. This will double protected waters to 36% of territorial waters, surpassing the EU’s 30% target well ahead of 2030.
• Banning Industrial Fishing: Greece is pioneering marine conservation internationally by completely banning bottom trawling in all national marine parks.
• Renewable Energy Zoning Restrictions: New regulations prohibit the installation of solar farms in all Natura areas, forests, and woodlands, and ban wind farms at altitudes above 1,200 meters (3,937 ft).
• “Untrodden” Landscapes: Greece has introduced pioneering designations for strict ecological preservation, establishing thirteen “Untrodden Mountains” and 250 highly protected “Untrodden Beaches” to limit human development in sensitive ecosystems.
• Targeted Species & Habitat Conservation: Twelve National Action Plans have been launched to protect endangered species (including the brown bear, Mediterranean monk seal, Loggerhead sea turtle, and bearded vulture). Additionally, all major wetlands (Ramsar sites) and Key Biodiversity Areas are now placed under strict legislative protection.

Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem met with US President Donald Trump at the White House on Thursday afternoon, June 4. The forty-minute discussion focused heavily on protecting Christian communities across the Middle East and safeguarding freedom of worship in the Holy Land.

The meeting comes at a time of severe regional instability, as Christian populations in Lebanon, Syria, and the Holy Land face mounting pressures and security challenges. During the talks, Patriarch Theophilos expressed deep concern over the vulnerability of these communities, emphasizing that their protection is vital not only for religious reasons but as a cornerstone for regional stability, coexistence, and peace.

“In recent years, Christian communities in the Middle East have faced a harsh reality of instability, growing threats, and rising pressures,” the Patriarch of Jerusalem stated in an official release. “We see ancient communities asking for something fundamentally basic: to continue living in safety, to preserve their faith, and to protect their freedom of worship.”

Safeguarding religious freedom

Addressing President Trump, His Beatitude noted that “safeguarding religious freedom and maintaining open access to the Holy Land is more than a spiritual matter; it is a prerequisite for stability, coexistence, and peace throughout the entire region.”

During the encounter, Patriarch Theophilos honored Donald Trump with the “Grand Cross” of the Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre, one of the highest distinctions bestowed by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

According to the Patriarchate, the meeting builds upon the established relationship between the Patriarch and the Trump family, serving as a continuation of the US President’s landmark 2017 visit to Jerusalem and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

As one of the world’s oldest Christian institutions, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem holds a historic role in guarding holy sites, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Patriarch Theophilos III, who has held the patriarchal throne since 2005, has frequently been involved in global religious events, including the consecration of the holy oil used in the coronation of King Charles III.

Related: Millions of Christians Face Persecution, Violence Worldwide: Holy See

On June 5, 1947, US Secretary of State George C. Marshall stood before a Harvard University commencement crowd. He proposed a radical blueprint for the survival of post-war Europe—the European Recovery Program, famously known as the Marshall Plan.

Conceived in a climate of escalating Cold War anxieties, Marshall famously declared:

“Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist.”

While the resulting Marshall Plan is celebrated globally for sparking Western Europe’s golden age of growth, its application in Greece was uniquely volatile. It acted as an economic accelerator for a nation on the brink of collapse. Still, the cure arrived with heavy-handed strings that permanently altered Greek sovereignty, escalated an internal civil war, and drew fierce resistance from the country’s left-wing factions.

Greece in ruins

By 1947, Greece was a landscape of absolute ruin. The brutal wartime Axis occupation had destroyed its railways, burned hundreds of villages, and decimated the merchant marine fleet. Infrastructure such as the vital port of Piraeus serving Athens and the three-mile-long Corinth Canal lay unusable.

Compounding this physical tragedy was a bitter, bloody civil war between the royalist government and communist-led insurgents of the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE).

Starvation was an immediate threat. Appealing to Congress for immediate intervention, President Harry S. Truman painted a grim picture of the Greek reality: “Greece is today without funds to finance the importation of those goods which are essential to bare subsistence…the people of Greece cannot make progress in solving their problems of reconstruction. Greece is in desperate need of financial and economic assistance to enable it to resume purchases of food, clothing, fuel, and seeds.”

The American response was unprecedented. Between 1947 and 1951, Greece received roughly $2 billion in Marshall Aid and related Truman Doctrine funds—an astronomical sum worth more than $21 billion today. At its peak, US aid financed 67% of all Greek imports and constituted a staggering 25% of the nation’s gross national product.

Marshall plan rebuilds Greece’s infrastructure

The economic injection quite literally rebuilt the country’s shattered spine. Over 6.5 million tons of American food, clothing, and medical supplies flooded into Greek ports, staving off a humanitarian catastrophe.

American engineers and funding dredged and reopened the blockaded Corinth Canal, completely reconstructed the Port of Piraeus, and paved thousands of miles of modern highways that connected isolated rural provinces to urban markets.

In the fields and factories, the money drove rapid modernization. Thousands of American tractors, advanced irrigation pumps, and high-yield seeds were imported, shifting Greek agriculture from primitive subsistence farming to a competitive export industry.

Furthermore, the plan financed the establishment of the Public Power Corporation (DEI), laying the initial brickwork for a unified national electrical grid.

The cost and institutional decay

Yet, this massive economic lifeline had a darker, counterproductive underside. Unlike in Great Britain or France, where aid was managed by robust local governments, the United States viewed the unstable, war-torn Greek administration with deep suspicion.

Consequently, Washington established the American Mission for Aid to Greece (AMAG), an oversight apparatus that wielded extraordinary, direct control over the country’s domestic affairs. Dwight Griswold, the head of AMAG, made it very clear to the Greek government that the money came with absolute American leverage: “We are here to help Greece, but we must be sure that the help is used effectively. If the Greek government does not take the necessary steps to stabilize its economy and clean up its administration, we will have to reconsider our position.”

American administrators held functional veto power over the Greek state budget, tax legislation, and currency issuance. Greek cabinet ministers routinely had to clear basic administrative policies with US advisers. This heavy-handed intervention saved the state from collapsing into communist hands—Washington’s primary geopolitical goal—but it severely eroded Greek political autonomy.

Prominent Greek intellectual and novelist Giorgos Theotokas captured the growing local resentment in his diary during the late 1940s: “The Americans have become our true masters. Ministers do not dare make a move without asking the permission of some American adviser. We have been saved from the rebels, but we have lost our independence.”

Furthermore, because aid was distributed through a centralized state apparatus during a civil war, funds and import licenses were frequently weaponized. Capital was often allocated based on political loyalty to the right-wing government rather than economic merit, inadvertently reinforcing a rigid system of political patronage and favoritism.

Konstantinos Karamanlis, a rising political figure who would later become Prime Minister, looked back on how the rush of money warped the country’s institutional health:

“The aid was a blessing, but the way it was managed taught Greeks to look to the state for salvation rather than their own productivity. It fed a system of dependency and favoritism that outlived the docks and roads we built with it.”

Marshall plan opponents in Greece

Because Marshall Aid was fundamentally tied to Washington’s anti-communist containment strategy, it faced fierce, violent opposition from the Greek Left, primarily spearheaded by the Greek Communist Party (KKE) and its military wing, the DSE.

To the communists, the Marshall Plan was not a humanitarian gesture but a textbook example of “American imperialism” designed to turn Greece into a strategic military outpost for the United States. KKE propaganda aggressively painted the American administrators as the “new conquerors,” succeeding the German occupiers.

They argued that the economic restructuring pushed by AMAG was explicitly designed to restrict Greek industrial self-sufficiency, forcing the nation to remain a dependent market for American manufactured goods and agricultural surpluses.

This opposition extended far beyond rhetorical propaganda into active physical resistance and domestic warfare. Communist circles actively orchestrated plans to paralyze American reconstruction work. Guerrilla cells launched targeted bombings and acts of sabotage against critical infrastructure projects, focusing on the newly restored Piraeus docks and the Corinth Canal to disrupt the flow of American supplies.

An ambiguous legacy

Ultimately, the Marshall Plan in Greece achieved its immediate, vital objectives. It prevented mass starvation, facilitated the defeat of the communist insurgency, and laid the concrete physical foundations for the country’s mid-century economic expansion.

However, the sheer velocity and volume of the aid left a profoundly ambiguous legacy. It demonstrated how foreign aid can simultaneously rescue a nation’s people from chaos, while binding its political institutions and sovereign decision-making to the strategic whims of an external superpower.

The ideological battle over the economic recovery is captured visually in the following historical archival footage, which illustrates the intersection of American material aid and public relations efforts during the height of the reconstruction program. The “Story of Koula” Marshall Plan Film demonstrates how the US government utilized media to promote the agricultural modernization of the Greek countryside during this volatile era.

Related: What Has the United States Ever Done for Greece?

The village of Kandanos on Crete was burned to the ground, and Nazi troops massacred all 180 residents on June 3, 1941 during the years of the German occupation.

It was one of the worst atrocities committed by the occupiers and has haunted Crete and Greece for decades.

Battle of Crete

The Battle of Crete began on May 20, 1941, with Germany employing 750 glider-borne troops, 10,000 paratroopers, 5,000 airlifted mountain soldiers, and 7,000 seaborne troops. It was the first occasion when German parachutists were used en masse and the first mainly airborne invasion in military history.

It was also the first time German soldiers had encountered mass resistance from a civilian population, and they suffered unexpectedly large numbers of casualties.

The outnumbered Greek soldiers, along with the Allied forces based on Crete, fought bravely but were vastly outnumbered. Cretan civilians joined the battle with whatever weapons were at hand—mostly kitchen knives, but rakes, clubs, and even walking sticks were used in desperate hand-to-hand combat for their homeland.

German parachutists were often knifed or clubbed to death as they landed on fields of Crete. In one recorded incident, an elderly Cretan man clubbed a paratrooper to death with his walking cane before the German could even disentangle himself from his parachute.

In another incident, a local priest and his son broke into a village museum, took two rifles from the Balkan War era, and sniped at German paratroops as they landed. The Cretans also began to use small arms from captured German soldiers as the battle continued.

However, this courage came at a terrible cost, as the Germans retaliated as soon as they managed to gain control of Crete.

The temporary German commander of the island, Kurt Student, ordered a series of brutal reprisals against the local population immediately after the surrender of Crete on May 31, 1941.

Every last resident of Kandanos, amounting to a total of 180 men, women, and children, were brutally massacred, and their ancient village was burned to the ground.

Nazis order for the destruction of Kandanos

Below is the order of the German commander:

“It is certain that the civilian population including women and boys have taken part in the fighting, committed sabotage, mutilated and killed wounded soldiers. It is therefore high time to combat all cases of this kind, to undertake reprisals and punitive expeditions which must be carried through with exemplary terror. The harshest measures must indeed be taken and I order the following: shooting for all cases of proven cruelty, and I wish this to be done by the same units who have suffered such atrocities. The following reprisals will be taken:
1. Shooting
2. Fines
3. Total destruction of villages by burning
4. Extermination of the male population of the territory in question
My authority will be necessary for measures under 3 and 4. All these measures must, however, be taken rapidly and omitting all formalities. In view of the circumstances the troops have a right to this and there is no need for military tribunals to judge beasts and assassins.”

After the surrender of Germany, General Kurt Student was captured by the British. In May 1947, he came before a military tribunal to answer to charges of mistreatment and murder of prisoners of war by his forces on Crete.

Greece’s demand to have Student extradited was declined. Student was found guilty of three out of eight charges and sentenced to five years in prison. However, he was given a medical discharge and was released in 1948. Student was never tried for crimes against civilians.

Today, Kandanos has been rebuilt and is the seat of the eponymous municipality. Reproductions of the somber Wehrmacht signposts commemorating the village’s destruction are displayed on a local war memorial.

Related: Greek Scientists Identify Nazi Victims Executed 83 Years Ago in Crete

Mastic or mastiha from the Greek island of Chios is getting traction on social media as the basic ingredient for summer cocktails.

Many bartenders and amateur connoisseurs are uploading videos of how to use the “white gold” of Chios to make flavorful and refreshing cocktails ideal for the summer.

Until recently, Greece’s mastiha liqueur hasn’t been as popular as other aperitifs. Thanks to new brands’ premiumization of the category and further education on its benefits, however, mastiha is starting to gain a cult following.

The myriad mastiha coctails

Here is a take on a cocktail called “Cleopatra”:

@drinkkleos

KLEOS Mastiha Spirit’s signature cocktail (The Kleo-Patra) is your Greek vacation in a glass This cocktail is super crushable and absolutely refreshing. PLUS there’s only 110 cal. and 4g of sugar in the full cocktail Yia Mas #earnyourkleos #mastiha #kleostakemeaway #chios #mykonos #mixology #mixologist #mixologytiktok #athens #travelgreece #skinnycocktails #lowcal #lowsugar #cocktailrecipes #superfood #luxury #luxlife #cocktailtok #garnishgame #greeksummer #summercocktail

♬ Taste It – TELL YOUR STORY music by Ikson

According to the following video by Nikki’s Modern Mediterranean, apart from one ounce of mastiha, you will need the following ingredients to make a summer cocktail: One ounce of peach vodka, peach nectar juice, grenadine, ice, and orange and cherry for garnish.

Another version is the rum, mastiha, and coffee cocktail:

Until recently, mastiha was actually considered a peasant spirit or liqueur often sipped after meals in Greece. This reputation is partly due to how it was made and the fact it wasn’t highly consumed outside of Greece.

@jackiesfooddiary

Have you tried Mastiha?! Officially my summer cocktail #mastiha #chios #liqueur #cocktail #cocktailrecipes #greek #drinkideas #summercocktails

♬ gimme gimme gimme – ·:*¨༺ ♱✮♱ ༻¨*:·

Now, with society’s growing interest in niche global spirits, mastiha spirit has come into the spotlight, and it’s becoming more common on menus at high-end Greek beach clubs as well as restaurants and global cocktail bars from New York to Los Angeles.

Here is yet another version of mixing mastiha with liquor:

@kforkalliopi

@Cello Liqueur & I made this delicious Mastiha cocktail using their Melon Liqueur (you’ll have to excuse the banter, I gave him a headache for an hour ) #cocktail #drink #mixologist #cocktails #italy #italian #greek #greekgirl #fyp #foryoupage #liqueur

♬ original sound – Kalliopi

Mastiha of Chios, Greece’s ‘White Gold’

Mastiha, often referred to as the “Tears of Chios” or the “White Gold of Greece,” is a product made exclusively on the Greek island of Chios. Since antiquity, this sticky resin, which seeps from the bark of mastic trees, has been harvested not only for its flavor but its therapeutic value.

Although the mastic tree, also called “lentisk,” is native to many areas in the Mediterranean, its bark only “bleeds” mastic on the island of Chios, making it a truly unique and nearly miraculous product.

Mastic is used as flavoring in many sweets and drinks, most famously in Mastiha, a digestive liquor from Chios. The mastic “tears,” or small bits of hardened tree sap, can also be chewed like gum, a practice dating back thousands of years. Its healing properties include prevention and treatment of stomach pains and gastric disorders as well as rejuvenation of the skin.

Its rarity has made mastic highly sought-after throughout history. Even to this day, mastic is considered a precious commodity not to be wasted. The European Union has designated it a “protected designation of origin” product, confirming that only Chios may produce authentic mastic.

In an insightful opinion piece published in The Guardian on June 3, 2026, titled “What the Hellenic! Why is Christopher Nolan’s new Greek epic entirely devoid of Greeks?”, author Chris Cotonou critiques the conspicuous lack of Greek actors in the director’s highly anticipated blockbuster, The Odyssey.

With an all-star ensemble featuring Matt Damon as Odysseus, alongside Zendaya, Charlize Theron, and Tom Holland, the film’s production team has repeatedly championed the cast as being meticulously chosen to “represent the world.” However, Cotonou points out a glaring irony: in the race to achieve universal global representation, the very country from which the story originates has been entirely unrepresented.

Cotonou highlights that while far-right culture warriors, including Elon Musk, have leveled bad-faith attacks against the casting of Black actor Lupita Nyong’o as Helen of Troy on the grounds of “authenticity,” they are focusing on the wrong target.

For the Greek community, both domestically and across the global diaspora, the frustration stems from a deeper cultural erasure. Cotonou notes that dinner-table debates from Patras to London have been flooded with alternative, Greek-inclusive casting ideas, with many left wondering why beloved diaspora stars like Billy Zane were bypassed entirely. To contextualize this frustration, Cotonou references Greece’s leading film critic, Thodoris Koutsogiannopoulos, who laments that Hollywood continues to perpetuate a “lazy cliché” that views Greekness through the simplistic lens of “Zorba rather than Achilles.”

Greeks secondary to their own story of Odyssey

More significantly, Cotonou argues that this complete omission carries a troubling broader implication. It suggests that Ancient Hellenic stories are viewed by Hollywood as part of a generic “shared Western inheritance,” rendering the actual Greek people incidental or secondary to their own history.

Cotonou draws a poignant parallel to the enduring geopolitical battle over the Parthenon Marbles, noting that the erasure feels as though modern Greeks are no longer viewed as worthy custodians of their ancestral mythology. While acknowledging that international audiences might dismiss the controversy under the guise that The Odyssey is merely fiction, Cotonou emphasizes how intimately interwoven these Homeric epics are with the modern Greek subconscious, identity, and sense of self.

He argues that excluding Greeks from The Odyssey is culturally equivalent to shutting out Hindus from an adaptation of the Mahabharata or stripping Polynesians from a film like Moana.

Ultimately, Cotonou connects the casting dispute back to the timeless, central theme of Homer’s poem: nostos, the deeply human yearning for homecoming after surviving grueling trials. In a Hollywood landscape that increasingly values diversity, Cotonou elegantly concludes that the Greek people are simply asking not to be written out of the journey.

Following a controversial crackdown in Greece last year that effectively barred motorhomes from public spaces, a new legislative intervention is welcoming them across the country once again.

The shift marks a major turning point for nomadic travelers. In May 2025, Greece introduced a strict law that banned caravan and motorhome parking in all public spaces outside of officially designated campsites. Aimed at curbing illegal wild camping and protecting local coastal environments, the blanket ban sparked immense backlash. Travelers and tourism boards argued it was overly punitive, treating responsible motorhome owners, who contribute significantly to local economies, the same as illegal campers.

Recognizing the strain the 2025 law placed on road tourism, the Greek government has introduced a balanced intervention. The new framework finally distinguishes between “overnight parking” and “active camping.” Under the updated 2026 rules, motorhomes are permitted to park in public spaces just like standard passenger vehicles, provided they do not deploy awnings, tables, or outdoor gear.

To support this re-entry, Greece is greenlighting the development of municipal “Camper Stops”—dedicated, short-stay parking zones equipped with waste disposal and water refills, an infrastructure standard common throughout Western Europe. By pivoting from a total ban to regulated integration, Greece aims to protect its natural landscapes while tapping back into Europe’s lucrative, year-round road tourism market.

Understanding the regulatory shift on motorhomes in Greece

The transition from the 2025 crackdown to the 2026 resolution highlights a major evolution in how Greece views road tourism. Under the previous year’s restrictions, any public overnight stay in a motorhome was met with high fines and a total prohibition, forcing travelers exclusively into traditional, often crowded campsites.

The new framework resolves this friction by legally treating motorhomes as regular vehicles for standard parking purposes. Wild camping is now strictly defined and is forbidden only if outdoor gear is deployed, allowing travelers to rest peacefully overnight without fear of fines. Furthermore, instead of relying solely on traditional campsites, Greece is rolling out automated, short-stay municipal “Camper Stops” to seamlessly accommodate modern nomads.

Related: Greece Sets New Multibillion Record in Tourism Revenue

Legendary Greek vocalist Maria Farantouri has teased a groundbreaking upcoming performance, revealing that she will be singing passages from Plato’s Republic set to techno music.

Speaking to the camera on the morning show Buongiorno, Farantouri shared details about her highly anticipated concert alongside electronic music pioneer Lena Platonos, scheduled for June 19 at the historic Odeon of Herodes Atticus.

The ambitious program will feature three major works that bridge ancient text, contemporary composition, and electronic soundscapes. Farantouri noted that the performance will seamlessly blend modern musical elements guaranteed to thrill younger audiences.

“Lena Platonos and I are preparing a truly historic concert,” Farantouri said. “It connects the past with the present using very modern, electronic rhythms. I will also be singing Plato’s Republic. Lena has taken the myth of the Three Fates and set it to music—and it’s going to be techno! Young people will literally be dancing to it. It’s absolutely thrilling.”

Plato’s Republic: Cornerstone of philosophy and politics

Written around 375 BC, Plato’s Republic is arguably the most influential work of philosophy and political theory in Western history. Structured as a Socratic dialogue, it explores the definition of justice, the character of the just city-state, and the nature of the human soul. It is the very text that gave the world the famous “Allegory of the Cave”—Plato’s metaphor for how humanity mistakes the shadows of illusion for reality and how the pursuit of truth requires breaking free from those chains.

What makes Platonos and Farantouri’s techno adaptation so brilliantly ironic is Plato’s own complicated relationship with music. In the Republic, Plato devoted significant time to discussing the role of the arts in society, famously arguing that certain musical scales and rhythms should be banned because they could corrupt the soul or incite chaotic emotion.

One of the most fascinating aspects of island architecture in Greece is the “Chora” (Χώρα), which literally means “main town” or “capital.” On almost every Aegean island, you will find it perched precariously on a jagged mountain peak, cliffside, or steep hilltop, miles away from the main port.

Today, these towns are postcard-perfect labyrinths of whitewashed houses, but their dramatic locations were originally born entirely out of fear, survival, and defensive strategy.

Why was a Chora on the islands of Greece built on a hilltop?

Between the 7th and 18th centuries, the Aegean Sea was a terrifying place to live. It was heavily plagued by piracy, notably by Saracens, Venetians, Genovese, and later Ottomans, who raided coastal villages for loot and slaves. Building on high ground served several genius military purposes:

• Early Warning System: High vantage points allowed islanders to scan the horizon and spot approaching enemy sails hours before they hit the shore, allowing locals time to prepare or hide.
• The “Invisible” Town: Throughout the islands of Greece, many areas that functioned as a Chora were built tucked slightly behind a ridge facing away from the sea. From a pirate ship on the water, the natural stone and tightly packed white houses blended into the landscape, making the island look completely uninhabited.
• Fortress Architecture (Kastro): The houses themselves were built as defense walls. They were tightly packed together with tiny, maze-like alleys, dead ends, and steep steps designed to disorient and trap invaders who managed to break through.
• The Venetian Castle: Often, the very peak of the Chora features a Kastro (castle), built during Venetian rule. If pirates breached the town, the entire population would retreat into this central fortified citadel for a final stand.

Spectacular examples of Greece’s Choras in the Aegean

1. Folegandros: The Sheer Cliffside Drop

Folegandros in the Cyclades boasts a Chora that is absolutely amongst the most jaw-dropping in Greece. Part of the settlement, specifically the oldest medieval quarter, called the Kastro, is built directly on the edge of a vertical cliff that plunges 200 meters (650 feet) straight down into the Aegean. The outer walls of the houses form the defensive perimeter, meaning a window at the back of a house opens directly into an abyss. From the town, a famous, majestic zigzagging stone path leads further up the spine of the mountain to the white Church of Panagia.

2. Astypalaia: The Crowned Amphitheater

Shaped like a butterfly, the island of Astypalaia bridges the Cyclades and the Dodecanese. Its Chora is a brilliant white hill of cubic houses that ascends like an ancient amphitheater. The absolute summit is crowned by the dark, volcanic stone of the Querini Castle, built by the Venetians in the 13th century. The striking contrast between the pitch-black stone castle and the blinding white homes wrapping around it makes it one of the most architecturally dramatic sights in Greece.

3. Amorgos: The Invisible Mountain Hideout

Amorgos’ Chora is the quintessential example of an “invisible” town. It is completely hidden from the sea, nestled in a rocky mountain saddle 350 meters above sea level (about 1,150 ft). Dominated by a massive rock central spire topped with a 13th-century castle, the town is a dense maze of alleys designed to cut the fierce Aegean winds. Just outside the main town cluster, a stark ridge line is punctuated by a row of historic, abandoned stone windmills, highlighting just how exposed and elevated this sanctuary truly is.

4. Kea (Tzia): The Ancient Inland Capital

Unlike most Cycladic islands Choras were established in the Middle Ages, the Chora of Kea, known as Ioulis, has stood in the exact same mountainous mountain saddle since the Archaic period. Because it is built on a lush, spring-fed mountain, Ioulis breaks the “blinding white” stereotype. It features traditional clay tile-roofed houses, steep stairways, and historic stone arches (stegadia) that tunnel underneath the buildings.

5. Skyros: The Secret Village of “Pirate Alleys”

Located in the Sporades group, the Chora of Skyros clings to a massive 179-meter (587-ft) vertical crag. It is a masterful trick of architectural camouflage. Skyros was plagued by Saracen and Ottoman raids, including the notorious pirate Barbarossa. To survive, the locals built the Chora tucked onto the inland-facing northeastern slope of the rock, making the village completely invisible from the open sea. The streets are famously known as “pirate alleys”—cobbolstone paths so narrow, steep, and winding that they acted as a physical maze to trap enemies while residents fled up to the safety of the Byzantine Castle at the peak.

6. Serifos: The Vertiginous Amphitheater

The Chora of Serifos is widely considered one of the most structurally striking in the Cyclades. It is built amphitheatrically down the slopes of a cone-shaped, sheer rock rising 230 meters (755 ft) above the harbor. The village is split into Pano Chora (Upper Town) and Kato Chora (Lower Town). Pano Chora is a classic medieval fortress settlement established in 1434 by the Venetian Mikieli family. Space was so restricted by the vertical terrain that houses are literally glued to each other, leaving only a chaotic web of “labyrinth alleys” where invaders would easily become disoriented.