Africa is the richest continent in the world, yet it is inhabited by some of the poorest people. This paradox is not inevitable. It is a two-pronged form of organized crime, the second pillar of which is addressed by the single economic zone. There is a form of violence so normalized that it has become […]

France cannot decide the image it wants to present in Africa; after burning down West Africa, it is pretending to champion the autonomy, sovereignty, and prosperity of East Africa. A New Scramble for Africa As the race to secure or increase control over Africa’s resources and population accelerates, former colonial masters, including France, are having […]

Paris loves to play the knight in shining armor — the defender of democracy, the fighter against terrorism, the guardian of humanitarianism. But in the Sahel, that armor has long since tarnished. After ten years of the so-called “counterterrorism” Operation Barkhane, France not only failed to defeat the jihadists but actually drove its former colonies […]