Archaeologists in Cyprus have uncovered a massive Late Roman wall at the ancient city of Amathous that may have formed part of a defensive system protecting the summit of the acropolis.

The structure, discovered on the site’s Western Terrace, offers new evidence of efforts to fortify one of the island’s most important ancient urban centers during the Late Roman period.

Details of the defensive wall

The wall reaches up to 2 meters (6.6 feet) in thickness and was built using large limestone ashlar blocks, smaller stones, and clay mortar. Excavation evidence shows that it underwent at least two construction phases, suggesting it remained an important feature of the acropolis over time.

Researchers also uncovered a floor surface associated with the wall, fallen architectural blocks, roof tiles, and mudbrick fragments from a collapsed structure. Together, the finds provide new insight into construction methods and defensive planning at Amathous during the final centuries of Roman rule.

The discoveries were made during the second excavation season of the French Archaeological Mission of Amathous, held from March 30 to April 24, 2026. The project is directed by Dr. Anna Cannavo and focuses on the Western Terrace of the Acropolis.

Expanded excavations reveal a substantial wall

The wall was first identified during excavations in 2025 following a geophysical survey conducted in 2024. During the 2026 season, archaeologists expanded Trench 1 and uncovered a much larger section of the structure.

The wall runs parallel to the natural edge of the terrace, with its southern section turning slightly toward the west. Its eastern face was constructed from large limestone ashlar blocks, while the interior was packed with smaller rough stones bonded with clay.

Researchers identified evidence for at least two building phases. The original wall measured about 135 centimeters (4.4 feet) in thickness. It was later strengthened by adding a second row of limestone blocks and filling the space between the two walls with stone rubble.

Foundations and associated floor date to the Late Roman period

A small trench excavated along the eastern side of the wall exposed its foundations and revealed a floor directly connected to the structure. Part of the floor was paved with reused roof tiles laid over a gravel bedding.

Excavation evidence indicates that both the wall and the floor date to the Late Roman period. East of the structure, archaeologists uncovered destruction deposits containing fallen ashlar blocks, roof tiles, and mudbrick fragments from the building’s upper portions.

Findings highlight the strategic importance of the Acropolis

A second excavation area, known as Trench 3, was opened at the northern end of the terrace. Although no architectural remains were found there, archaeologists recovered a rich collection of Iron Age artifacts, indicating earlier activity in the area.

Researchers believe the newly discovered wall formed part of a defensive system protecting the summit of the acropolis and the basilica that had replaced the sanctuary of Aphrodite, one of the most important religious centers in ancient Cyprus.

Future excavations will investigate the full extent of the fortification and determine whether the Late Roman remains were built over earlier structures, helping researchers better understand the long-term development of Amathous.

The UK has removed special travel warning for Cyprus that had been introduced following heightened tensions in the Middle East, offering a positive signal for the island’s tourism sector at the peak of the summer season.

The updated guidance from the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office no longer includes specific references to heightened regional risks or possible travel disruption linked to developments in the Middle East.

UK drops special warning for Cyprus

The previous advisory had placed Cyprus alongside at least 17 other countries in the region under a specific warning related to the increased risk of regional instability.

The concern was connected to the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, as well as a drone attack targeting a British military base on the island. At the time, the FCDO warned that regional tensions could result in travel disruptions and other unforeseen consequences.

British citizens were advised to exercise increased caution when traveling, although the UK government never advised against travel to Cyprus.

General safety advice remains in place

The latest update removes those special references from the official travel guidance. While general safety advice for Cyprus remains in place, there is no longer any specific mention of heightened regional risks or potential disruption caused by the Middle East crisis.

The change is being interpreted as an indication that British authorities believe the risk of direct consequences for Cyprus from regional developments has significantly diminished.

Positive signal for Cyprus tourism

The update is particularly important for Cyprus as the summer tourism season reaches its peak. The United Kingdom remains the island’s largest tourism market, making British travel advice highly influential for the tourism industry.

The earlier warning had raised concerns among tourism stakeholders in both Cyprus and the UK, with several British media outlets highlighting the references to regional instability.

For the island’s tourism sector, the removal of the warning is expected to help ease concerns among British travelers and operators, especially as Cyprus continues to depend heavily on arrivals from the UK during the summer months.